Disease and Patients in ICU

Question: Discuss about the Disease and Patients in ICU. Answer: Introduction: Aggression and anger are common among the aged people with dementia and Alzheimers disease. Anxiety and agitation are also common in elderly with chronic conditions such as Alzheimers disease and patients in ICU. Early in this disease, aged people may undergo irritability andanxiety. Later in the disease, persons usually develop agitation. Depression can be a consequence of Alzheimers disease, dementia and chronic diseases. Alzheimer'sand progressive dementias are the main causes ofhallucinations among the aged. The core underlying source ofmemory lossandconfusionis the progressive impairment of brain cells triggered byAlzheimer'sdisease (Solomon et al. 2014). Two tools to report on behaviors of concern Revised Memory and Behavior Problems Checklist tool measure observablebehavioral It is recommended as a reliable and valid tool to report on behaviors of concern in the clinical settings (Jackson et al. 2014). Behavior Documentation Toolkit covers the strategies of challenging behaviors, delivers an understanding of analyzation method of those behaviors, and offers valuable practical resources (Lum et al. 2015). Management strategies Management strategies for preventing aggression and anger consist of avoiding the situation that can initiate fear, anxiety, and frustration. Effective communication and encouraging them to vent their emotional state can be effective. It extreme conditions it may be indispensable to take away the person to an isolated area away from the others (Karel et al. 2012). Interventions to cope with anxiety and agitation involve eliminating or modifying the stimuli. Distraction is a usual approach to extricating harmful feelings. Music therapy can be very useful in these cases as a source of distraction and relaxation. Reassuring communication from the caregiver is important. Pharmacological managements include the use of sedatives or analgesics (Lum et al. 2015). Psychological interventions can be very effective in depression. Management guidelines recommend cognitive therapies, behavioral therapies, supportive psychotherapies, interpersonal therapies and problem-solving for the older people (Solomon et al. 2014). Several antipsychotics are effective in the management of hallucination. Transcranial magnetic stimulation, hallucination-focused integrative treatment psychoeducation, cognitive behavior therapy are some useful methods. Many coping strategies are there to manage hallucination (Jackson et al. 2014). Approaches for coping with memory loss involves lie story and reminiscence works. Cognitive stimulation therapy and cognitive rehabilitation can assist to improve the quality of life (Karel et al. 2012). Impact Aggressive and angry patients can harm themselves and their careers. Carers of old patients can find aggression to be frustrating, challenging, and often highly distressing. In old age, anxiety and agitation can be very strong and persistent. This can interfere with a person's everyday life. Major depression can influence coronary artery disease or stroke and people with depression have a higher death rate after a heart attack. Depression also poses the potential threat of self-harm and suicidal thoughts. The overwhelming burden on the carer associated with caring depressed persons can negatively influence their personal lives. Hallucination and memory loss can place the patients in an utter confusing state. All these behaviors can create burden and grief on the caregiver and impact the quality of life of both the client and carer (Ornstein and Gaugler 2012). References Jackson, M.A., Fauth, E.B. and Geiser, C., 2014. Comparing the neuropsychiatric inventory and the revised memory and behavior problems checklist for associations with caregiver burden and depressive symptoms.International Psychogeriatrics,26(06), pp.1021-1031. Karel, M.J., Gatz, M. and Smyer, M.A., 2012. Aging and mental health in the decade ahead: what psychologists need to know.American Psychologist,67(3), p.184. Lum, H.D., Sudore, R.L. and Bekelman, D.B., 2015. Advance care planning in the elderly.Medical Clinics of North America,99(2), pp.391-403. Ornstein, K. and Gaugler, J.E., 2012. The problem with problem behaviors: a systematic review of the association between individual patient behavioral and psychological symptoms and caregiver depression and burden within the dementia patientcaregiver dyad.International Psychogeriatrics,24(10), pp.1536-1552. Solomon, A., Mangialasche, F., Richard, E., Andrieu, S., Bennett, D.A., Breteler, M., Fratiglioni, L., Hooshmand, B., Khachaturian, A.S., Schneider, L.S. and Skoog, I., 2014. Advances in the prevention of Alzheimer's disease and dementia.Journal of internal medicine,275(3), pp.229-250.